: Unlike the Confucian focus on "graded love" (prioritising family), Mozi argued that we should care for all people equally, regardless of their relationship to us.
He also proposed a unified moral standard enforced by the state: “All people must conform to their superior; there is no freedom to follow one’s own standard.” This proto-totalitarian aspect would later influence the Legalists, but Mozi insisted the ruler must himself conform to Heaven’s impartial will. : Unlike the Confucian focus on "graded love"
(Chinese: 墨子, meaning "Master Mo"), born Mo Di (墨翟), was a Chinese philosopher, logician, engineer, and political strategist who lived during the early Warring States period (475–221 BCE). He founded the school of Mohism , which was a formidable rival to Confucianism and the forerunner to Legalism and Daoism in its influence. Although Mohism largely disappeared as an organized tradition after the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE), Mozi’s ideas on universal love, meritocracy, and utilitarian ethics have seen a major revival in modern scholarship. He founded the school of Mohism , which