Leonardo began the work in Florence around 1503. At the time, portraiture was largely a stiff and formal affair. Sitters were often painted in rigid profile, their faces expressionless, their status defined by their jewelry and clothing. But Leonardo was not interested in merely documenting wealth. He was interested in capturing the soul. He painted Lisa not in profile, but turned slightly toward the viewer—a three-quarter view that was revolutionary for its intimacy. She wears no jewels. Her dress is simple. The focus is entirely on her expression and her presence.
“But they can’t accept that,” Lisa continued. “A woman cannot simply be . She must mean something. She must be an enigma, a trap, a mirror for their own longing. They have written books about my smile. Did you know that? A thousand pages on three centimeters of pigment.” Mona Lisa Smile
When you look directly at the Mona Lisa’s mouth, your foveal vision picks up the fine details, and the smile appears to vanish or fade into a neutral expression. However, when your eyes drift to her eyes or the background, the mouth falls into your peripheral vision. The shadows created by the sfumato technique suggest the muscles of the cheek are lifting, creating the illusion of a smile. When you look back at the mouth, the smile is gone. Leonardo began the work in Florence around 1503
Legend suggests that Leonardo hired musicians and jesters to keep Lisa smiling during the arduous sitting sessions, ensuring her face did not settle into the boredom typical of long sittings. Whether true or not, the result was a vitality that had never before been captured in oil paint. But Leonardo was not interested in merely documenting wealth
“Your eyebrow,” corrected a small, stern portrait of a Flemish merchant, “is impeccable. Anatomically nonsensical, but impeccable.”