Needs-based approaches often leave communities feeling broken and helpless. ABCD fosters dignity, hope, and self-reliance. It is also highly cost-effective.

Many community projects fail because developers expect immediate, uniform adoption. This theory saves time and resources by working with the natural diffusion curve.

Ecological Theory examines the relationship between people and their physical environment. It looks at how geographic layout, technology, and population density affect social behavior. Development involves optimizing the "habitat" to ensure that the physical space supports the social and economic needs of the inhabitants. 7. Structural Functionalism (Power Structures)

: Unlike functionalism, this theory suggests that conflict is an integral part of social life. It helps developers understand how power and resources are distributed and identifies groups whose interests are being ignored or suppressed. www.slideshare.net 4. Symbolic Interactionism : Shared meaning and social interaction.